Bitewe nuburyo bwiza bwamashanyarazi, umuringa nicyuma gikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye byamashanyarazi.Ifite ibintu byinshi byumubiri nubumashini bituma ikora neza.
Ubwa mbere, umuringa ufite amashanyarazi menshi.Imyitwarire yerekana ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gutwara amashanyarazi.Umuringa ufite kimwe mu bikoresho byo hejuru byamashanyarazi byuma byose.Imikorere yacyo mubushyuhe bwicyumba igera kuri miliyoni 58.5 Siemens kuri metero (S / m).Iyi miyoboro ihanitse isobanura ko umuringa ushobora gutwara neza kandi ukagabanya gutakaza ingufu muburyo bwubushyuhe.Ifasha imigendekere myiza ya electron, ituma ihererekanyabubasha ryintera ndende nta gutakaza ingufu zikomeye.
Imwe mumpamvu umuringa ikora cyane nuburyo bwa atome.Umuringa ufite electron imwe gusa mugikonoshwa cyayo cyo hanze, ihambiriye kuri nucleus.Iyi miterere ituma electron zigenda zidegembya mumiterere yumuringa.Iyo umurima wamashanyarazi ushyizwe mubikorwa, electroni yubusa irashobora kunyura mumatara byoroshye, itwaye amashanyarazi afite imbaraga nke.
Byongeye kandi, umuringa ufite ubukana buke.Kurwanya bivuga kwihanganira ibintu bigenda bitemba amashanyarazi.Kurwanya umuringa ku bushyuhe bwicyumba ni 1,68 x 10 ^ -8 ohm-metero (Ω · m).Uku kutarwanya kwinshi bivuze ko umuringa utanga imbaraga nke cyane zo gutembera kwa electron, kugabanya gutakaza ingufu no kubyara ubushyuhe.Kurwanya ubukana ni ingenzi kubisabwa birimo ibisabwa cyane, nko kohereza amashanyarazi hamwe ninsinga.
Umuringa mwiza cyane w'amashanyarazi nawo uterwa nubushyuhe bwawo.Ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, bivuze ko ikora ubushyuhe neza.Uyu mutungo ni ingirakamaro cyane mubikorwa byamashanyarazi kuko bituma umuringa ukwirakwiza ubushyuhe buterwa numuyoboro wamashanyarazi.Gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza bifasha kugumya gushikama no kwizerwa mubice byamashanyarazi, kwirinda ubushyuhe bukabije no gukora neza igihe kirekire.
Byongeye kandi, umuringa nicyuma cyoroshye cyane.Guhindagurika bivuga ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gukururwa mu nsinga zidacitse.Umuyoboro mwinshi wumuringa utuma biba byiza kubera insinga kuko birashobora gukorwa muburyo bworoshye kandi bigahinduka insinga zoroshye, zoroshye.Izi nsinga zirashobora kunyuzwa muburyo bugoye, bigatuma biba byiza mubikorwa bitandukanye byamashanyarazi, harimo amazu yo guturamo, ubucuruzi ninganda.
Umuringa ugaragaza kandi imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa.Iyo ihuye n'umwuka, ikora urwego rukingira oxyde irinda kwangirika no kwangirika.Ibiranga nibyingenzi mubikorwa byamashanyarazi kuko byemeza igihe kirekire kwizerwa no kuramba kwabatwara umuringa.Umuringa urwanya ruswa ituma ishobora gukomeza amashanyarazi igihe kirekire ndetse no mubidukikije bikaze.
Iyindi nyungu yumuringa nkumuyagankuba ni ubwinshi kandi burahari.Umuringa nikintu kinini gikwirakwizwa kwisi yose.Uku kugerwaho bituma guhitamo neza-gukoresha amashanyarazi kuko biroroshye kuboneka kandi ugereranije bihendutse ugereranije nibindi byuma bitwara ibintu byinshi.
Muri make, umuringa nuyobora amashanyarazi meza cyane kubera amashanyarazi menshi, kutarwanya imbaraga, imiterere yumuriro, guhindagurika, kurwanya ruswa, nubwinshi.Imiterere yihariye ya atome n'imiterere ifasha gutwara neza ibicuruzwa hamwe no gutakaza ingufu nkeya.Umuringa udasanzwe w'amashanyarazi utuma ukora ibintu by'ingenzi mu mashanyarazi menshi, kuva mu mashanyarazi no mu nsinga kugeza ku bikoresho bya elegitoroniki no mu muzunguruko.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-21-2023
