Mu myaka yashize, ikoranabuhanga ryinganda zifotora ryateye imbere byihuse kandi byihuse, imbaraga zibigize imwe zabaye nini kandi nini, imigozi yimigozi nayo yabaye nini kandi nini, kandi nubu ibice bigize ingufu nyinshi bigeze kuri byinshi 17A.
Kubijyanye nigishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu, gukoresha ibikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi hamwe no guhuza birenze urugero birashobora kugabanya igiciro cyambere cyishoramari nigiciro kuri kilowatt-isaha ya sisitemu.
Igiciro cyinsinga za AC na DC muri sisitemu zibara igice kinini.Nigute igishushanyo noguhitamo bigomba kugabanuka kugirango ibiciro bigabanuke?
Guhitamo insinga za DC
Umugozi wa DC washyizwe hanze.Mubisanzwe birasabwa guhitamo imirasire yumucyo kandi ihuza imiyoboro idasanzwe.
Nyuma yo gukwirakwiza imirasire ya elegitoroniki ifite ingufu nyinshi, imiterere ya molekuliyumu yibikoresho bya insulasiyo ya kabili ihinduka kuva kumurongo ugahinduka imiterere ya meshike ya mesh-eshatu, kandi urwego rwo kurwanya ubushyuhe rwiyongera kuva kudahuza 70 ℃ kugeza 90 ℃, 105 ℃ , 125 ℃, 135 ℃, ndetse na 150 ℃, ibyo bikaba biri hejuru ya 15-50% kurenza ubushobozi bwo gutwara insinga zinsobanuro imwe.
Irashobora kwihanganira ihinduka rikabije ryubushyuhe nisuri yimiti kandi irashobora gukoreshwa hanze mumyaka irenga 25.
Mugihe uhitamo insinga za DC, ugomba guhitamo ibicuruzwa bifite ibyemezo bijyanye nababikora bisanzwe kugirango umenye gukoresha igihe kirekire hanze.
Umugozi wamafoto ya DC ukoreshwa cyane ni umugozi wa PV1-F 1 * 4 4.Ariko, hamwe no kwiyongera kwifoto ya fotovoltaque no kwiyongera kwingufu za inverter imwe, uburebure bwumugozi wa DC nabwo buriyongera, kandi ikoreshwa rya kabili 6 kare ya DC nayo iriyongera.
Ukurikije ibisobanuro bifatika, birasabwa ko muri rusange gutakaza DC bifotora bitagomba kurenga 2%.Twifashishije ibipimo ngenderwaho mugushushanya uburyo bwo guhitamo umugozi wa DC.
Imirongo irwanya PV1-F 1 * 4mm2 DC ni 4,6mΩ / metero, naho umurongo wa PV 6mm2 DC ni 3.1mΩ / metero.Dufashe ko voltage ikora ya module ya DC ari 600V, igabanuka rya voltage ya 2% ni 12V.
Dufashe ko module iriho ari 13A, ukoresheje umugozi wa 4mm2 DC, intera kuva kumpera ya kure ya module kugeza kuri inverter irasabwa kutarenza metero 120 (umugozi umwe, usibye inkingi nziza kandi mbi).
Niba ari nini kurenza iyi ntera, birasabwa guhitamo umugozi wa 6mm2 DC, ariko birasabwa ko intera kuva kumpera ya kure ya module kugeza kuri inverter itarenze metero 170.
Guhitamo insinga za AC
Kugirango ugabanye ibiciro bya sisitemu, ibice hamwe na inverteri yumuriro wamashanyarazi ntikunze kugaragara muburyo bwa 1: 1.Ahubwo, umubare munini wo guhuza birenze byateguwe ukurikije ibihe byo kumurika, ibikenewe mumushinga, nibindi
Kurugero, kubintu 110KW, hatoranijwe 100KW inverter.Ukurikije inshuro 1.1 zirenze guhuza kubara kuruhande rwa AC ya inverter, amashanyarazi asohoka menshi ni 158A.
Guhitamo insinga za AC birashobora kugenwa ukurikije umusaruro mwinshi usohoka wa inverter.Kuberako nubwo ibice bingana gute bihujwe cyane, ikigezweho cya inverter AC yinjiza ntizigera irenza umusaruro mwinshi wa inverter.
Sisitemu ikoreshwa cyane ya Photovoltaque AC insinga z'umuringa zirimo BVR na YJV hamwe nizindi moderi.BVR bivuga umuringa wa polyvinyl chloride wometseho insinga yoroshye, YJV ihuza polyethylene insinga y'amashanyarazi.
Mugihe uhitamo, witondere urwego rwa voltage nurwego rwubushyuhe bwa kabili.Hitamo ubwoko bwa flame-retardant.Umugozi wibisobanuro ugaragazwa numubare wibanze, nominal cross-section na voltage urwego: imvugo imwe yibice byamashami yerekana imvugo, 1 * kwambukiranya izina, nka: 1 * 25mm 0,6 / 1kV, byerekana umugozi wa kare 25.
Ibisobanuro by'insinga nyinshi zifatanije ninsinga zamashami: umubare winsinga mumuzingo umwe * kwambukiranya izina, nka: 3 * 50 + 2 * 25mm 0,6 / 1KV, byerekana insinga nzima kare 3 50, insinga ya 25 kare idafite aho ibogamiye na insinga ya kare kare 25.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya kabili imwe nini na kabili-nini?
Umugozi umwe-nyamukuru werekana umugozi ufite umuyoboro umwe gusa murwego rwo kubika.Umugozi munini wibikoresho bivuga umugozi ufite intoki zirenze imwe.Kubijyanye no gukora insulasiyo, byombi insinga imwe hamwe ninsinga nyinshi zigomba kuba zujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu.
Itandukaniro riri hagati ya kabili-nini na kabili-imwe ni uko umugozi umwe-wibanze uhagaze neza kumpande zombi, kandi icyuma cyo gukingira icyuma gishobora nanone kubyara uruziga, bikaviramo igihombo;
Umugozi wa Multi-core muri rusange ni umugozi wibice bitatu, kuko mugihe cyo gukora umugozi, igiteranyo cyumugezi unyura muri cores eshatu ni zeru, kandi mubyukuri ntamashanyarazi uhari kumpande zombi zicyuma gikingira icyuma.
Urebye kubushobozi bwumuzunguruko, kumurongo umwe-nini hamwe ninsinga nyinshi, insinga zagereranijwe zitwara ubushobozi bwinsinga imwe nini iruta iy'insinga eshatu zifatanije kumurongo umwe;
Ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza imikorere yinsinga imwe nini irarenze iy'insinga nyinshi.Munsi yumutwaro umwe cyangwa mugihe gito cyumuzunguruko, ubushyuhe butangwa ninsinga imwe yibikoresho biri munsi yubwa insinga nyinshi, zifite umutekano;
Urebye uburyo bwo gushyiramo insinga, insinga nyinshi-insinga ziroroshye kurambika, kandi insinga zifite imbere n-ibyiciro byinshi-kurinda umutekano-umutekano;insinga imwe-yibanze byoroshye kugoreka mugihe cyo kurambika, ariko ingorane zo kurambika intera ndende nini kuri insinga imwe-nini kuruta insinga nyinshi.
Uhereye kubitekerezo bya kabili yo kwishyiriraho, imitwe imwe ya kabili imitwe iroroshye gushiraho kandi byoroshye kugabana umurongo.Kubijyanye nigiciro, igiciro cyibice byinsinga nyinshi zirenze gato ugereranije ninsinga imwe.
Sisitemu ya Photovoltaic wiring ubuhanga
Imirongo ya sisitemu ya Photovoltaque igabanijwemo ibice bya DC na AC.Ibi bice byombi bigomba guhindurwa ukundi.Igice cya DC gihujwe nibigize, naho igice cya AC gihujwe na gride ya power.
Hano hari insinga nyinshi za DC mumashanyarazi manini kandi manini.Kugirango byoroherezwe kubungabunga ejo hazaza, nimero yumurongo wa buri mugozi igomba kuba ifatanye neza.Imirongo ikomeye kandi idakomeye imirongo iratandukanye.Niba hari imirongo yerekana ibimenyetso, nkitumanaho 485, bigomba kugenda bitandukanye kugirango birinde kwivanga.
Mugihe uyobora insinga, tegura imiyoboro n'ibiraro.Gerageza kudashyira ahagaragara insinga.Bizagaragara neza niba insinga ziyobowe na horizontal na vertical.Gerageza kutagira imiyoboro ya kabili mumiyoboro no mubiraro kuko ntibyoroshye kubungabunga.Niba insinga za aluminiyumu zisimbuza insinga z'umuringa, hagomba gukoreshwa adaptate yumuringa-aluminium.
Muri sisitemu yose ya Photovoltaque, insinga nibintu byingenzi cyane, kandi igiciro cyabyo muri sisitemu kiriyongera.Mugihe dushushanya amashanyarazi, dukeneye kuzigama ibiciro bya sisitemu bishoboka mugihe twemeza imikorere yukuri ya sitasiyo.
Kubwibyo, gushushanya no guhitamo insinga za AC na DC kuri sisitemu ya Photovoltaque ni ngombwa cyane.
Nyamuneka nyamuneka twandikire kugirango umenye andi makuru yerekeye insinga z'izuba.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-17-2024
